To monitor the radiation protection situation and medical staff's awareness of radiation protection during 131I treatment after thyroid cancer surgery.

Methods: From August 2022 to April 2023, 300 inpatients who underwent 131I treatment and had complete data were selected. All patients were treated with 131I treatment after DTC. The radiation dose level in the ward was detected and compared by γ -ray instrument at 24 hours, 48 hours and 72 hours after the patient took the medicine. Questionnaire survey was used to investigate the medical staff's cognition of radiation knowledge and their understanding of self-protection.

Results: The γ -radiation dose at a distance of 1m from the patient in the ward showed a significant downward trend with the extension of 131I treatment taken by the patient, and the radiation dose after using lead screen was significantly lower than that without lead screen (P<0.05). There is a significant positive correlation between the dose of 131I and the dose of γ radiation (r=0.831, P<0.05). The awareness and compliance of radiation protection knowledge of nurses in operating room are better than that of surgeons and anesthesiologists (P<0.05).

Conclusion: After 131I treatment, taking appropriate protective measures can ensure the relative safety of ionizing radiation level in ward environment. While taking protective measures, medical staff should also strengthen the study of relevant protective knowledge, improve their cognition and protect their health.