Objective: To explore the prevalence of postpartum metabolic syndrome in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and its correlation with amyloid A (SAA), C-reactive protein (CRP) and glycated albumin (GA). Methods: A retrospective analysis of 100 cases of GDM patients who underwent prenatal examination in our hospital from January 2021 to January 2022 was performed, and these patients were chosen as the observing group, whereas 100 healthy pregnant women who completed physical examinations in our hospital during the same timespan were chosen as the controlling group. All subjects were followed up for 12 months to observe the incidence of postpartum metabolic syndrome. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay was used to detect the changes of serum SAA, CRP and GA protein levels. According to whether GDM patients developed postpartum metabolic syndrome, they were separated into two groups: those with postpartum metabolic syndrome (n = 20) and those without postpartum metabolic syndrome (n = 80). In order to investigate the variables impacting postpartum metabolic syndrome in GDM patients, logistic regression analysis was employed. The predictive value of blood SAA, CRP, and GA protein for the prevalence of postpartum metabolic syndrome with GDM was examined using a ROC curve. Results: The observing group had a postpartum metabolic syndrome prevalence of 20.00%, which was substantially greater than the controlling group's prevalence of 7.0% and was highly meaningful (P<0.05). Patients in the observing group had substantially higher blood levels of SAA, CRP, and GA protein compared to the controlling group (P<0.05). In the postpartum metabolic syndrome group, the gestational age, pre-pregnancy BMI, fasting blood glucose, systolic blood pressure, and triglyceride levels were markedly larger compared to the non-postpartum metabolic syndrome group, and the family history of diabetes and history of GDM were considerably higher in the non-postpartum metabolic syndrome group (P<0.05). The levels of blood SAA, CRP, and GA protein in the postpartum metabolic syndrome group were substantially higher than those in the non-postpartum metabolic syndrome group (P<0.05). Gestational age, pre-pregnancy BMI, fasting blood glucose, family history of diabetes, history of GDM, SAA, CRP, GA protein, and other risk variables were determined to be the risk factors determining the prevalence of postpartum metabolic syndrome in GDM patients (P<0.05) by logistic regression analysis. The ROC curve was established, and its results showed that the area under the curve, specificity and sensitivity of combined detection of serum SAA, CRP and GA protein were 0.926, 91.29% and 94.18%, respectively. The predictive value of combined detection was higher than that of single index. Conclusion: The prevalence of postpartum metabolic syndrome of GDM is significantly increased, and its onset is closely related to gestational age, pre pregnancy body mass index, fasting blood glucose, family history of diabetes, history of GDM and SAA, CRP, GA protein levels, and the combined detection of SAA, CRP, GA protein has a relatively high value in predicting the occurrence of postpartum metabolic syndrome with GDM.